ABSTRACT
Yaws has traditionally been known as a skin disease that affects people living in hilly, remote and inaccessible areas. Despite the availability of successful treatment and yaws control programmes worldwide since 1948, yaws is endemic in a number of countries, probably because it is not considered a priority disease for eradication. The presence of a disease that can be eradicated in a community can be taken as a sign of 'backwardness' and an indicator of inappropriate public health efforts. Yaws is endemic in 3 countries of the Southeast Asia (SEA) Region of WHO-indonesia, India and Timor-Leste. The WHO SEA Regional Office has set a target for yaws eradication from the region by year 2010. Yaws eradication is at various stages in these countries. India has reported no cases for the past 3 years and has declared elimination. In the other 2 countries yaws eradication programmes are in their infancy and achieving the WHO regional goal appears impossible. However, if lessons are learnt from the Yaws Eradication Programme in India and an externally funded, technically supported, vertical programme is started immediately in Indonesia and Timor-Leste, the target would not be difficult to accomplish.
Subject(s)
Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology , Communicable Disease Control/organization & administration , Endemic Diseases/prevention & control , Health Policy , Health Promotion , Humans , India/epidemiology , Organizational Objectives , Program Evaluation , Regional Medical Programs , Sentinel Surveillance , World Health Organization , Yaws/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Until 1996-97, when Yaws Eradication Programme (YEP) in India was launched, there were three initiatives to assess/control the yaws disease in the country. YEP was initially started as pilot study in Koraput district, Orissa and later on extended to ten states covering 49 districts. The first goal has been to get the disease eliminated from the country with ultimate goal being its eradication. Strategies for YEP are active case detection and treatment including contacts and targeted IEC. The number of reported cases reduced from 735 in 1997 to "Zero Case" in 2004 from entire country. The recent Third Independent Appraisal of YEP could not confirm any new yaws case. However, before declaring the elimination (meaning no new early infectious case), there is need to make a thorough search in the affected areas. Future activities under the programme includes sero- surveillance among under-five children to demonstrate cessation of yaws transmission.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , India/epidemiology , Infant , Male , Yaws/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Le plan est une maladie qui a fait l'objet d'intenses campagnes d'eradication durant les decennies 1950-1990 dans les pays en developpement; en collaboration avec l'OMS. Mais; 15 ans apres les dernieres campagnes en Cote d'ivoire force est de reconnaitre que le pian continu de sevir dans certains foyers qui pourraient etre le point depart d'une reactivation des zones indemnes. Notre etude avait pour objectif d'evaluer la prevalence du pian dans les localites d'Asseudji; du district sanitaire d'Adzope. C'est une etude transversale descriptive qui s'est deroulee du 15 septembre au 31 decembre 2004 dans le village dAsseudji et qui a porte sur 206 menages dont 184 dans le village d'Asseudji et 22 dans les campements environnants. Les principaux resultats etaient les suivants: *Les principales sources de pollution des menages etaient les dechets des animaux en divagation dans 100pour cent des cas suivis des dechets domestiques dans 49pour cent des cas ; *Une notion de promiscuite a ete retrouvee dans 43;7pour cent des menages ; *Les formes de plan les plus connus etaient le pianome et le plan crabe ; *Les facteurs favorisants du plantaient meconnus par 64;1pour cent des chefs de manages ; *52;9pour cent des chefs de menage ignoraient la contagiosite du pian ; *la prevalence estimee du pian par menage etait de 5;35pour cent ; *La prevalence par habitants etaient de 0;.5pour cent; *81;8pour cent des malades avaient de moins de 15 ans ; *63;6pour cent des malades avaient un antecedent de pian. Les recommandatjons qui decoulent; de ces resultats tournent autour des actions d'hygienes appuyees par une medicalisation basee sur la penicillonotherapie
Subject(s)
Penicillins , Yaws/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico, clínico y serológico del pian en la cuenca del río Santiago, cantón Eloy Alfaro, provincia de Esmeraldas, el cual demostró una prevalencia del 11,3 por ciento con lesiones dérmicas activas y una seropositividad del 94,9 por ciento. El área del río Santiago era hiperendémica para el pian (prevalencia 17,9 por ciento seropositividad 98,0 por ciento), mientras que el río Zapatillo era mesoendémico y los ríos Cayapas y Onzole, hipoendémicos. Se encontró evidencia del pian, activa y latente, solamente en la raza negra. La mayor incidencia de las lesiones clínicas (55,8 por ciento) se encontró en los niños de 5-12 años de edad, localizándose el porcentaje superior en las piernas (64,2 por ciento). Los papilomas fueron las lesiones más frecuentes (55,4 por ciento). Se administró tratamiento masivo con penicilina benzatínica, según las normas de OMS, en todas las comunidades positivas para esta enfermedad